What is LAN?
LAN (Local Area Network) is a computer network that interconnects computers and digital devices within a limited, physical area like a home, office, school or closely positioned group of buildings. A LAN allows the sharing of resources among devices connected to it. Devices connected to a LAN can share files, software applications, or data among themselves. A LAN can also allow shared access to peripherals like printers or scanners. The design and structure of a LAN varies depending on the needs it’s supposed to serve. It can be as simple as two computers connected to each other or as complex as a network that links together thousands of devices across multiple floors or buildings.
How does LAN work?
In a LAN, data is usually transmitted over wired connections using technologies like Ethernet. It can also use wireless technologies like Wi-Fi, which forms a wireless LAN or WLAN. The connection speed in a LAN is usually very high and significantly faster than the internet speed provided by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Network devices such as switches and routers are used to manage a LAN. These devices help route data from one point in the network to another, allowing communication between devices. To secure a LAN from unauthorized access and to ensure data privacy, network administrators can put security measures in place like firewalls and password-protected user accounts. A LAN is usually owned, controlled, and managed by a single organization or person, giving them control over the network’s configurations and security measures. This is one of the reasons why LANs are often found in business settings, educational institutions, and residences. One of the key advantages of a LAN is its high-speed data transfer rate. In a LAN, data is transferred at much higher speeds compared to typical Internet connections which makes it more efficient for tasks that require large data exchanges like transferring files or streaming high-definition videos. Also, LANs can significantly improve communication and collaboration within an organization. Employees can easily share files, exchange ideas, and collaborate on tasks without needing physical transportation of data or face-to-face meetings.
What are the benefits?
LANs also provide the advantage of centralized management. Network administrators can manage, maintain and upgrade all systems within a LAN from one central location to make sure that all systems are up-to-date and running efficiently. Administrators can also put security protocols in place and perform network monitoring from this central point. But, LANs also have their disadvantages. The setup and maintenance of a LAN can be expensive and complex, especially for larger networks. An investment in networking equipment is required as also having a dedicated staff for network management. Also, since a LAN covers only a limited area, it is not suitable for connecting devices that are geographically far apart. For these instances, other types of networks like Wide Area Networks (WANs) or the Internet are used.